STAFF REPORTER
GUWAHATI: Assam has witnessed an overall decline in the number of people infected by water-borne diseases between 2019 and 2021.
According data of the National Centre for Disease Control, the State had registered 5,59,416 cases of acute diarrheal disease in 2019, along with one case of cholera, 683 cases on viral hepatitis-A, 98 cases of viral hepatitis-E and 291 cases of leptospirosis. In 2020, the numbers came down to 1,82,016 cases of acute diarrheal disease, again one case of cholera, 112 cases of hepatitis-A, 28 cases of hepatitis-E and 58 cases of leptospirosis. In 2021, the numbers declined further to 70,495 cases of acute diarrheal disease, no case of cholera, 50 cases of hepatitis-A and 27 cases of leptospirosis. Incidence of hepatitis-E, however, showed a slight increase at 30 cases.
It may be mentioned that diarrhoea is usually a symptom of an infection in the intestinal tract, which can be caused by a variety of bacterial, viral and parasitic organisms. Infection is spread through contaminated food or drinking-water, or from person to person as a result of poor hygiene. Hepatitis-A and hepatitis-E are viral infections that cause liver inflammation and damage. On the other hand, leptospirosis is a bacterial infection which can cause fever, chills, headache, muscle aches, vomiting, or diarrhoea. In case of severe infections, a person may have kidney or liver failure or meningitis.
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