New Delhi: Finance Minister Nirmala Sitharaman, presenting her seventh consecutive budget and her first in Modi 3.0, spotlighted nine priority areas for generating ample opportunities for all.
She also said that these nine priorities of the Union Budget 2024 will form the foundation for future budgets of the Modi government.
The nine priority areas include: productivity and resilience in agriculture; employment and skilling; improved human resources; social justice; manufacturing and services; urban development; energy security; infrastructure; innovation; research and development; and next-generation reforms.
Education, job generation, employment, skilling, MSMEs, and the middle class are among the key thrust areas of this budget.
It also presented a road map for accomplishing the Prime Minister’s package of five schemes for employment, skilling, and other opportunities for 4.1 crore youth over a five-year period with a central outlay of Ts 2 lakh crore.
This year, a provision of Rs 1.48 lakh crore has been made for education, employment, and skilling.
Below are the key focus and thrust of nine priorities, as outlined in FM Sitharaman’s Budget speech:
Priority 1: Productivity and resilience in agriculture. A provision of Rs 1.52 lakh crore for agriculture and allied sectors; new 109 high-yielding and climate-resilient varieties of 32 field and horticulture crops for cultivation by farmers; one crore farmers to be initiated into natural farming over the next two years; 10,000 need-based bio-input resource centres will be established; large-scale clusters for vegetable production will be developed closer to major consumption centres; government to facilitate implementation of Digital Public Infrastructure (DPI) in agriculture for coverage of farmers and their lands in three years.
Priority 2: Employment; Skilling. The government will implement schemes for employment-linked incentives as part of the prime minister’s package. Scheme A: First Timers. This scheme will provide a one-month’s wage to all persons newly entering the workforce in all formal sectors. The direct benefit transfer of one month’s salary in three installments to first-time employees, as registered in the EPFO, will be up to Rs 15,000. The eligibility limit will be a salary of Rs 1 lakh per month. The scheme is expected to benefit 2.10 crore youth.
Scheme B: Job creation in manufacturing. This scheme will incentivize additional employment in the manufacturing sector, linked to the employment of first-time workers.
An incentive will be provided at a specified scale directly to the employee and the employer with respect to their EPFO contribution in the first four years of employment.
The scheme is expected to benefit 30 lakh youth entering the workforce and their employers.
Scheme C: Support for employers. This employer-focused scheme will cover additional employment in all sectors. All additional employment within a salary of Rs 1 lakh per month will be counted. The government will reimburse employers up to Rs 3,000 per month for two years towards their EPFO contribution for each additional employee.
The scheme is expected to incentivize additional employment for 50 lakh people. Over 20 lakh youth will be skilled over a five-year period. For skilling in collaboration with state governments and industry, 1,000 industrial training institutes will be upgraded in hub-and-spoke arrangements with outcome orientation.
The government will launch a comprehensive scheme for providing internship opportunities in 500 top companies to one crore youth in five years. Interns will gain exposure for 12 months to the real-life business environment, varied professions, and employment opportunities.
An internship allowance of Rs 5,000 per month along with one-time assistance of Rs 6,000 will be provided.
The Model Skill Loan Scheme will be revised to facilitate loans up to Rs 7.5 lakh with a guarantee from a government-sponsored fund. This measure is expected to help 25,000 students every year. To help youth who have not benefited from any government initiatives, financial support for loans up to Rs 10 lakh for higher education in domestic institutions is planned. E-vouchers for this purpose will be given directly to one lakh students every year for an annual interest subvention of three percent of the loan amount.
Priority 3: Inclusive Human Resource Development and Social Justice. States in the eastern part of the country are rich in endowments and have strong cultural traditions. The government will formulate a plan, Purvodaya, for the all-round development of the eastern region of the country, covering Bihar, Jharkhand, West Bengal, Odisha, and Andhra Pradesh. The government will also support the development of road connectivity projects, namely (1) the Patna-Purnea Motorway, (2) the Buxar-Bhagalpur Motorway, (3) the Bodh Gaya, Rajgir, Vaishali, and Darbhanga spurs, and (4) an additional two-lane bridge over the Ganga River at Buxar at a total cost of Rs 26,000 crore.
Power projects, including the setting up of a new 2,400 MW power plant at Pirpainti, will be taken up at a cost of Rs 21,400 crore.
New airports, medical colleges, and sports infrastructure in Bihar will be constructed.
Recognising Andhra Pradesh’s need for capital, the government will facilitate special financial support through multilateral development agencies. In the current financial year, Rs 15,000 crore will be arranged.
Three crore additional houses under the PM Awas Yojana in rural and urban areas of the country have been announced, for which the necessary allocations are being made.
To promote women-led development, the budget carries an allocation of more than Rs 3 lakh crore for schemes benefiting women and girls.
To improve the socio-economic condition of tribal communities, the government will launch the PM Janjatiya Unnat Gram Abhiyan by adopting saturation coverage in tribal-majority villages and aspirational districts. This will cover 63,000 villages benefitting five crore tribal people.
More than 100 branches of India Post Payment Bank will be set up in the North East region to expand banking services. This year, a provision of Rs 2.66 lakh crore for rural development, including rural infrastructure, has been made.
Priority 4: Manufacturing and Services. For facilitating term loans to MSMEs for the purchase of machinery and equipment without collateral or a third-party guarantee, a credit guarantee scheme will be introduced that will operate on the pooling of credit risks of such MSMEs. A separately constituted self-financing guarantee fund will provide, to each applicant, guarantee cover up to Rs 100 crore.
The limit of Mudra loans will be enhanced to Rs 20 lakh from the current Rs 10 lakh for those entrepreneurs who have availed of and successfully repaid previous loans under the ‘Tarun’ category.
To facilitate MSMEs to unlock their working capital by converting their trade receivables into cash, the turnover threshold of buyers for mandatory onboarding on the TReDS platform will be reduced from Rs 500 crore to Rs 250 crore.
The government will facilitate the development of investment-ready ‘plug and play’ industrial parks with complete infrastructure in or near 100 cities.
As many as 12 industrial parks under the National Industrial Corridor Development Programme will also be sanctioned.
Priority 5: Urban Development. The government will facilitate the development of ‘Cities as Growth Hubs’. This will be achieved through economic and transit planning and the orderly development of peri-urban areas utilising town planning schemes.
Transit-oriented development plans for 14 large cities with a population above 30 lakh will be formulated.
Under the PM Awas Yojana Urban 2.0, the housing needs of one crore urban poor and middle-class families will be addressed with an investment of Rs 10 lakh crore. This will include the central assistance of Rs 2.2 lakh crore in the next five years.
A provision of interest subsidies to facilitate loans at affordable rates is also envisaged.
Priority 6: Energy Security Nuclear energy is expected to form a very significant part of the energy mix for Viksit Bharat. Towards that pursuit, the government will partner with the private sector to set up Bharat Small Reactors, research and development (R&D) of Bharat Small Modular Reactors, and R&D of newer technologies for nuclear energy.
The R&D funding announced in the interim budget will be made available for this sector.
A joint venture between NTPC and BHEL will set up a full-scale 800 MW commercial plant using AUSC technology. The government will provide the required fiscal support.
Priority 7: Infrastructure Phase IV of PMGSY will be launched to provide all-weather connectivity to 25,000 rural habitations that have become eligible in view of their population increase.
A provision of Rs 1.5 lakh crore for long-term interest free loans has been made this year to support the states in their resource allocation.
Priority 8: Innovation and R&D. The government will operationalize the Anusandhan National Research Fund for basic research and prototype development.
Further, the government will set up a mechanism for spurring private sector-driven research and innovation at a commercial scale with a financing pool of Rs 1 lakh crore in line with the announcement in the interim budget.
With our continued emphasis on expanding the space economy five times in the next 10 years, a venture capital fund of Rs 1,000 crore will be set up.
Priority 9: Next Generation Reforms. States will be incentivized for land-related reforms and actions within the next three years through appropriate fiscal support. Land-related reforms and actions in rural areas to cover land administration and planning. In urban areas, it will cover urban planning, usage, and building bylaws. Rural land-related actions will include ULPIN or Bhu-Aadhaar for all lands, digitization of cadastral maps, survey of map sub-divisions as per current ownership, establishment of a land registry, and linking to the farmer registry.
These actions will facilitate credit flow and other agricultural services. Land records in urban areas will be digitised with GIS mapping. An IT-based system for property records and tax administration will be established. It will improve the financial position of urban local bodies. (IANS)
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